The heterogeneous nature of multiple myeloma can eventually lead to treatment resistance and disease relapse3
Different targets are needed to treat the disease, including treatment-resistant clones in later lines.
Patients with multiple myeloma will continue to relapse over the course of their disease4
With each subsequent line of therapy, there is a decrease in response rates and duration of response.5
Multiple myeloma is currently incurable, and patients can eventually become refractory to multiple classes of treatment2,6-8
Proteasome inhibitors
Immunomodulatory agents
Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies
As patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma continue to progress, the number of treatment options become limited, so it is essential to identify different therapeutic targets and approaches.2,9
Learn About GPRC5DCD, cluster of differentiation; GPRC5D, G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D.
- Barwick BG, Gupta VA, Vertino PM, Boise LH. Cell of origin and genetic alterations in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1121.
- Mikhael J. Treatment options for triple-class refractory multiple myeloma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019;20(1):1-7.
- Kurtin S. Relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. J Adv Pract Oncol. 2013;4(suppl 1):5-14.
- Kumar SK, Rajkumar V, Kyle RA, et al. Multiple myeloma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017;3:17046.
- Gandhi UH, Cornell RF, Lakshman A, et al. Outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma refractory to CD-38 targeted monoclonal antibody therapy. Leukemia. 2019;33(9):2266-2275.
- Minnie SA, Hill GR. Immunotherapy of multiple myeloma. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(4):1565-1575.
- Mateos MV, Weisel K, De Stefano V, et al. LocoMMotion: a prospective, non-interventional, multinational study of real-life current standards of care in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2022;36(5):1371-1376.
- Franssen LE, Mutis T, Lorkhorst HM, van de Donk NWCJ. Immunotherapy in myeloma: how far have we come? Ther Adv Hematol. 2019;10:1-19.
- Usmani S, Ahmadi T, Ng Y, et al. Analysis of real-world data on overall survival in multiple myeloma patients with ≥3 prior lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and an immunomodulatory drug (IMID), or double refractory to a PI and an IMID. Oncologist. 2016;21(11):1355-1361.
